Phantom Blade Zero Memory Flowers are collectible flowers scattered across the Phantom World, grouped into named sets of two to six petals, and every petal has to be collected before the set counts as complete. A finished set permanently raises Soul's maximum health, and the set also carries story weight: each one belongs to a named character, and gathering a character's full set unlocks a hidden extra phase in their boss fight.

The Phantom Blade Zero Memory Flower sets and what they give

SetPetalsEffect
Inanis6Largest health bonus, and changes the Bai Chilian encounter in Mirrorwood
Firefly6Unlocks the route to Dusk the Puppeteer and the Temple of Blue Fireflies
Lion Dance Master6Unlocks an extra phase in that boss fight
Dragon Body Technique5Unlocks an extra phase in that boss fight
On Perfect TranscensionThree or moreUnlocks an extra phase in that boss fight
SeekingThree or moreUnlocks an extra phase in that boss fight
Bai Chilian2Changes the Bai Chilian encounter in Mirrorwood
Stone Hand Iron Fever2Unlocks an extra phase in that boss fight

The health bonus is roughly 5% for the smaller two-petal sets and up to 10% for the largest six-petal sets, so the value depends on which set you finish. The achievement "Listen to Every Flower" requires 10 complete Memory Flowers, and the individual petal pickups number in the dozens rather than in tens.

Collect the sets before the region's final boss

This is the part people miss. The flowers sit on side branches, in post-boss arenas and behind mechanisms, so a set can be unobtainable once you clear a region's last boss. Collect the sets first if you want the extra phase.

The clearest example is Bai Chilian: collect all six Inanis flowers plus the Bai Chilian flowers in the Crimson Forest's Mirrorwood and the Zither Maiden arrives to help you, turning the fight into a much longer and harder two-character battle.

The Inanis flowers in Mirrorwood

WhereHow to find it
Mirrorwood EntranceDown from the entrance, east into the cave, at the fork
Burial Grounds BellBy the tomb
Fog-shrouded woodsUnder a light
"Fog Cleared" BellNorth through the tunnel, outside the cave mouth
Mirrorwood Depths BellHere you also find the Contemplation Notes / Mirrorwood Travels book
Mirrorwood mazeBetween the three mirrors on the left, front and right

The two Bai Chilian flowers are both inside the Mirrorwood maze portal puzzle, and the maze itself has a fixed solution: follow the weeping, then turn left, middle, right, followed by right, left, middle.

Flowers that open doors

Two sets are worth prioritising because they unlock fights you need. The Firefly flowers are the ones that open the route to Dusk the Puppeteer and the Temple of Blue Fireflies, and the flowers that gate Yan Qiansui open the Zither Maiden. Those two secret bosses carry parts of the Illusory Pipa, so collecting them early moves the game forward rather than sideways. The secrets page shows what the assembled Pipa unlocks and where the rest of the hidden areas are.